Análise das tendências na relação entre o trabalho infantil, gênero e desempenho acadêmico na América Latina.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35362/rie8413987Palavras-chave:
trabalho infantil, gênero; desigualdade; resultados acadêmicos; América LatinaResumo
A participação de menores, tanto em tarefas domésticas como não domésticas, os efeitos do gênero e o baixo rendimento escolar continuam sendo um desafio para os países da América Latina. Por meio de modelagem linear hierárquica de dados do Programa Internacional de Avaliação dos Alunos (PISA), este estudo busca explorar as tendências entre os países na relação entre desempenho acadêmico, trabalho infantil e gênero. Embora o trabalho fora de casa tenda a afetar o desempenho acadêmico em todos os países da América Latina, como mostra a importância e a magnitude das estatísticas, a participação nas tarefas domésticas é relevante apenas em dois (Peru e Uruguai). Viu-se que as meninas obtêm piores resultados que os meninos por uma margem significativa em toda a América Latina. A última parte do estudo busca analisar os efeitos da interação de gênero e a participação nas atividades de trabalho. Os resultados mostram que o gênero não é um fator moderador, sugerindo que a participação no trabalho ou no próprio local de trabalho (no lar ou fora dele) não influencia nem contribui para a desigualdade de gêneros nos resultados acadêmicos. Os fatores que explicam a desigualdade nos resultados acadêmicos estão possivelmente em uma esfera de influência diferente que deve ser decifrada por meio de uma pesquisa empírica mais profunda
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